Metoidioplasty is a gender-affirming surgical procedure primarily for transgender men and non-binary individuals who seek to create a neopenis from the existing clitoral tissue. The procedure takes advantage of the natural clitoral enlargement that occurs from testosterone therapy, which many transmasculine individuals undergo as part of their transition. The surgery begins with the release of the clitoris from the suspensory ligament, allowing it to extend further outward and increase in prominence. Additional techniques may include the removal of surrounding skin to expose more of the clitoral shaft, as well as modifications to the urethra to enable urination through the newly formed phallus. Depending on individual preferences and health considerations, the procedure can be tailored to include or exclude certain aspects, such as urethral lengthening or scrotoplasty, which involves the creation of a scrotum using labial tissue.

The healing process following metoidioplasty typically involves a hospital stay of one to several days and requires careful postoperative care to ensure proper recovery and minimize complications. Pain management, infection prevention, and regular follow-up appointments are key components of the recovery phase. Patients are usually advised to refrain from strenuous activities and sexual intercourse for several weeks post-surgery to facilitate healing. Full recovery and the final aesthetic results can take several months, during which time swelling should subside, and sensation may gradually return. As with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks and complications associated with metoidioplasty, including issues with urination, aesthetic dissatisfaction, or infection, which should be thoroughly discussed with a qualified healthcare provider prior to surgery. Overall, metoidioplasty can be a highly rewarding procedure for many individuals, offering both functional and psychological benefits as part of their gender transition journey.